How long it takes to become a nurse depends on which nurse you want to be. You can start working as a licensed practical nurse in about a year, while a nurse practitioner usually needs six or more years of college and training. This guide lays out each path so you can plan your timeline.
Timeline by nursing path
| Path | Typical program length | License you earn |
|---|---|---|
| LPN/LVN | About 1 year | Licensed practical/vocational nurse (NCLEX-PN) |
| ADN (associate degree) | About 2 years after prerequisites | Registered nurse (NCLEX-RN) |
| BSN (bachelor’s degree) | About 4 years | Registered nurse (NCLEX-RN) |
| Accelerated BSN | Often 12 to 18 months, for people who already have a bachelor’s degree | Registered nurse (NCLEX-RN) |
| RN-to-BSN | Often 1 to 2 years, depending on credits and pace | Adds a bachelor’s degree to an existing RN license |
| Nurse practitioner | 2 to 4 years of graduate study after a BSN | Advanced practice license and national certification |
These are typical lengths. Actual time depends on the school, whether you study full or part time, and how many prerequisites you still need.
The fastest route: LPN or LVN
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics says state-approved LPN programs typically take about one year. After you pass the NCLEX-PN and get your state license, you can work in nursing homes, clinics, and home health. LPNs can keep going later through a bridge program. See LPN vs. RN for how the roles differ.
Becoming an RN: ADN or BSN
There are two main ways to become a registered nurse. An associate degree in nursing (ADN) usually takes about two years of nursing coursework and is common at community colleges. A bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) takes about four years at a university. Both lead to the same NCLEX-RN exam and the same RN license. Read ADN vs. BSN to decide, and RN-to-BSN programs explained if you want to start with the ADN and add a bachelor’s later.
If you already have a bachelor’s degree
An accelerated BSN (ABSN) is built for career changers with a degree in another field. It compresses the nursing coursework into an intensive program, often 12 to 18 months. Our guide to accelerated BSN programs covers who qualifies and what to expect.
Going further: nurse practitioner
Nurse practitioners must first be RNs, then complete a master’s or doctoral program and pass a national certification exam. BLS lists a master’s degree as the entry level for this group. Learn more in how to become a nurse practitioner.
What can add time to your plan
- Prerequisites: Most programs require science and general education courses before you apply. If you need several, plan for an extra semester or two. See our nursing school prerequisites checklist.
- Waitlists and limited seats: Many nursing programs admit a limited number of students each term, so you may wait for a start date.
- Part-time study: Studying around a job is common and can stretch a program by a year or more.
- Licensing: After graduating, you need to apply to your state board of nursing and pass the NCLEX. Allow several weeks.
How to choose a timeline
- If you need to work soon, an LPN program is the quickest way in.
- If you want an RN license on a budget, an ADN gets you there in about two years. You can add a BSN while you work.
- If you want the broadest long-term options, a BSN opens the most doors, including graduate study.
- If you already hold a bachelor’s degree, look at accelerated programs.
Ready to compare schools? Browse the nursing school directory by state and program level, or start with a state page such as Florida, Texas, or California.
Frequently asked questions
What is the fastest way to become a nurse?
An LPN/LVN program, which typically takes about one year. To become a registered nurse, an ADN is usually the quickest route.
Can I become an RN in two years?
Yes, with an associate degree in nursing, once the prerequisites are done. Some students need extra time for prerequisites or waitlists.
Is an accelerated BSN faster than a regular BSN?
Yes, but it is only open to people who already have a bachelor’s degree in another field, and it is a demanding, full-time commitment.
Program lengths vary by school and state. Confirm timelines and requirements with the programs you are considering and with your state board of nursing.